[Part 3. Damping method] Initial Load Optimization in Nonlinear Time History Analysis

March 7, 2024
BLOG BRIDGE INSIGHT

📢 To check the entire series, click here

 

 

A. Damping Method

1. Modal & Direct Integration Analysis Method

   In this section, we will discuss the damping method applied to Nonlinear Boundary Time History Analysis.

   There are four types of damping methods.

  • Modal,
  • Mass & Stiffness Proportional,
  • Strain Energy Proportional,
  • Element Mass & Stiffness Proportional

 

#1 Time History Load Cases - Damping Method

Time History Load Cases - Damping Method

 

   The four damping methods are categorized for analysis purposes as follows.

 

#2

 

   The method of applying damping varies depending on whether you want to apply the same damping to all elements of the structure or not.

   The options you choose also depend on whether you use the Modal or Direct Integration methods. The two methods differ in how they account for damping, which can lead to much longer analysis times depending on the selected damping method.

   Depending on the analysis method, the recommended damping method is as follows

  • For the Modal method, the damping is usually applied as "Modal".
  • For direct integration, the damping is generally set to "Mass & Stiffness Proportional".

 

2. Mass & Stiffness Proportional method

   The Mass & Stiffness Proportional method is Rayleigh Damping, which assumes that the damping matrix can be constructed as a linear sum of the mass and stiffness matrices, expressed by the equation below.

 

#3

 

   Here, a and b are the damping coefficients, which can be represented by the natural frequency (w) and damping ratio (h) of the two modes.

 

#4

 

I   n MIDAS CIVIL, enter the natural frequency (or period) and damping ratio (typically 0.05) for the two modes.

 

#5

 

   A common question we get is what values should be entered for Mode 1 and Mode 2. (Is it enough to enter the period values for Mode 1 and Mode 2, or what period values should be entered?)

Let's take a look at a quick overview of Rayleigh Damping to get a better understanding.

 

#6

 

 

   The graph above is for Rayleigh Damping (Mass - Stiffness Proportional Damping).
With two natural frequencies (or periods) and a damping ratio, the coefficients a and b can be calculated, and thus the damping ratio at any frequency can be calculated.
We typically apply a damping ratio of 0.05. However, the determination of two natural frequencies (W1 and W2) with a damping ratio of 0.05 requires engineering judgment.

 

 

Preview Banner

 

You can check more of these details in the download file.

 

The remaining contents of 2. Mass & Stiffness Proportional method

B. Conclusion

Susbcribe
MIDAS Newsletter

Thank you, See you soon!
Share
About the Author
Simon | Technical Engineer | MIDAS IT HQ

Responsible for technical support, and education in the field of structural engineering (MIDAS CIVIL) for 4 years. As a technical support specialist, I will provide concise, clear, and organized explanations of civil engineering concepts that may be difficult to summarize. I will introduce various reports, calculations, development plans, and applicable standards (analysis details) related to the MIDAS CIVIL program in a comprehensive manner.

Comments
DOWNLOAD Continue for Full Contents

Please complete the form below to access the full contents download.

All